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Roystonea regia
''Roystonea regia'', commonly known as the Cuban royal palm, Florida royal palm, or simply the royal palm is a species of palm which is native to southern Florida, Mexico and parts of Central America and the Caribbean. It ranged into central Florida in the eighteenth century but in modern times it is only known from tropical parts of south Florida. A large and attractive palm, it has been planted throughout the tropics and subtropics as an ornamental tree. Although it is sometimes called ''R. elata'', the conserved name ''R. regia'' is now the correct name for the species. Populations in Cuba and Florida were long seen as separate species, but are now considered to belong to a single species.
Best known as an ornamental, ''R. regia'' is also used as a source of thatch, construction timber, and as a medicinal plant. The fruit is eaten by birds and bats (which disperse the seeds) and fed to livestock. Its flowers are visited by birds and bats, and it serves as a roosting site and food source for a variety of animals. ''Roystonea regia'' is the national tree of Cuba,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cuban Royal Palm (''Roystonea regia''), national tree of Cuba )〕 and has a religious role both in Santería and Christianity, where it is used in Palm Sunday observances.
==Description==
''Roystonea regia'' is a large palm which reaches a height of tall, (with heights up to reported) and a stem diameter of about .〔 (K. F. Connor reports a maximum stem diameter of .)〔 The trunk is stout, very smooth and grey-white in colour with a characteristic bulge below a distinctive green crownshaft. Trees have about 15 leaves which can be up to long.〔 The flowers are white with pinkish anthers.〔 The fruit are spheroid to ellipsoid in shape, long and wide.〔 They are green when immature, turning red and eventually purplish-black as they mature.〔
Root nodules containing ''Rhizobium'' bacteria have been found on ''R. regia'' trees in India. The presence of rhizobia-containing root nodules is usually associated with nitrogen fixation in legumes; this was the first record of root nodules in a monocotyledonous tree. Further evidence of nitrogen fixation was provided by the presence of nitrogenase (an enzyme used in nitrogen fixation) and leghaemoglobin, a compound which allows nitrogenase to function by reducing the oxygen concentration in the root nodule.〔 In addition to evidence of nitrogen fixation, the nodules were also found to be producing indole acetic acid, an important plant hormone.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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